被人抓了壮丁…………
要求一个多小时之内翻译出了这个东东………
自己都没谱………………
说是给即将召开的“2005中外著名风景园林专家学术报告会”使用的同声传译文稿，是翻译大师的文章，惶恐ing…


Case Study B:
Harvard Design School Project for Reclamation Excellence (P-REX)
Location: International
哈佛设计学院的土地改良计划（Project for Reclamation Excellence (P-REX)）
范围：全球性

The P-REX promotes new methods for reclaiming altered landscape of natural resource extraction in the environment through applied research, education and communications. The P-REX partners with like-minded groups to implement its multidisciplinary research program. Partner institutions include, municipalities, state and federal agencies, universities, foundations, and corporations involved in design, engineering and environmental services, mining, property development, and manufacturing. With our partners we leverage our combined expertise and resources to achieve both shared and respective objectives.

P-REX旨在通过应用研究、教育及交流为改良自然环境中因资源开采而破坏了的景观提供了新的方法。P-REX通过联合各个共同兴趣小组来实现它的多学科综合研究项目。合作机构包括：联邦、州和区各级政府部门，各大学与基金会，以及涉及设计、工程、环境维护、矿业、房地产、制造业等的各个企业。我们与合作伙伴一起协调我们整合的技术与资源来达到我们共同的和各自的目的。

Another source of motivation for this Project is the recognition that domestic and international natural resource extraction and development will increase over the next few decades as industrial production globalizes. Few places outside of North America have fully developed standards and programs for reclaiming mined lands. The following are examples of the types of programs that are housed within P-REX:

这个项目的另一个动机就是这样一个共识，国内与国际的资源开发与利用将在几十年之内与工业生产一样实现全球化。在北美之外的地区很少建立有完整的关于回收改良开采过的土地的标准和项目。下面就是一些基于P-REX的项目的例子：

1. ‘Best Design Practices’ in national/international reclamation design.
P-REX assembles the parties from a host of countries, provinces, states, agencies, regulators, and companies to participate in the development of criteria and standards for the review and evaluation of projects that are submitted from around the world. The criteria and standards are used to guide evaluation panels or “juries” to evaluate projects that had been submitted for “design” awards.

1.国家或国际的改良项目中的最优设计方法
P-REX聚集了许多的国家、州省各级政府、管理者和公司到一起参与到规格和标准的完善，用这些更加完善的标准来评估从世界各地递交上来的计划项目。这些标准原来是用于指导评估小组或委员会来对参与设计评选的项目的评估。

2.International Perspective on Innovative Reclamation Techniques for Metal Mines
Innovative post-mine land use case studies, technologies, techniques, and other aspects of reclaiming metal mines are examined from around the globe. Potential panelists include: environmental organizations from around the globe, government entities which are currently addressing or anticipated to be looking at mining development activities from around the world, and various small and large mining companies and industry associations. Other potential topics include: Public and Private Land Use Issues; Landscape Ecology and Evolutionary Strategies to Reclamation Success; Water Resource Issues.

2.国际上关于金属矿藏的创新改良技术的看法
在开采后用地的使用情况的研究，技术手段以及改良金属矿藏用地的其他方面使用创新的方法的话，都应在全球范围内进行检验。参与讨论的小组应该包括：来自全球各地的环境组织，那些正在或即将关注矿藏开发的政府部门，以及各种大大小小的矿业公司和工业协会。其他的可能讨论的话题还包括：公共和个人的土地使用问题；景观生态及确保改良成功的发展策略；水资源问题。

Whether through reprogramming landscape surface, deploying technologies and ecologies for site regeneration, or planning alteration prior to groundbreaking, landscape architects need to become more involved in this growing body of work, and the current resource structure within the Department is primed to lead this global discussion. Reclamation work continues to be fruitful and is evolving. Collaborative working relationships are developing on two fronts, both of which will create opportunities for the Department in the near future.

无论是通过对地表的重组，或通过技术和生态手段进行场地重建，还是在破坏场地前进行改造，景观设计师们都需要更加积极的参与到这个发展的工作中来，并且当前风景园林系的资源政策正是要引领这个全球化的讨论。改良工作不断的获得成果并且其自身也在不断完善。协同工作的关系也在两个方面得到发展，并都将在不远的将来为政府带来无限良机。

One front involves collaboration with faculty at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, and their Project on American Indian Economic Development. We are working together to identify sites within American Indian Reservations for simulated landscape reclamation work. The high percentage of illiteracy amongst Native American tribes often makes it extremely difficult for tribal members to reach consensus on land use development and natural resource extraction issues, leaving them vulnerable to outside industrial interests. We believe the work will have broad foundational support, deep educational and practical benefits, and could form a long-term interdisciplinary project for our respective schools.

一个方面包括与哈佛大学的肯尼迪政体学院（Kennedy School of Government）的合作，他们的项目是拉动美国印第安地区经济的发展。我们协同进行对印第安保留地地区资源的类似的改良工作的识别。由于土著部落中的过高的文盲率，使得他们在关于土地的利用及资源的开采方面很难达成共识，使得他们很容易在外界的工业入侵中蒙受损失。我们相信我们的工作能够提供广阔的基础支持，显著的教育与实践效益，并且可以为我们各自的学校建立起长期的多学科综合的项目。

The second front of the reclamation work is forming within the mining industry itself, which perpetually rethinks its landscape reclamation priorities, (and will have enough reclamation work to cover over 100 thousand square miles and last until the year 2240). Within the next year or two I expect real operating mines to collaborate with a GSD entity to advance landscape reclamation beyond what it is today-experimenting with open-ended design, landscape reprogramming and ecological transformation at scales rarely considered in current practice, but which could be applied at all scales of Landscape Architecture.

另一个方面，使得矿业企业能够永久的重新考虑土地改良的重要性（这将带来足够多的改良工作，包括10万平方公里以上的面积并将持续到2240年）。我期望在一年或两年之内就出现实际的与GSD合作的土地改良项目，而不是现阶段仍然停留在实验阶段的开放性设计。当今的尝试几乎没有
考虑过各种尺度上的景观重组和生态转换，但实际上则是应该在景观设计的所有尺度上得以实施。